from the cape to cairo cartoon analysis

Misery Loves Company;but they hope soon to be out of it. Louis Dalrymple, Puck, March 20, 1901. To contact Reference staff in the Prints and Photographs Reading Room, please use our So, if we do our duty aright in the Philippines, we will add to that national renown which is the highest and finest part of national life, will greatly benefit the people of the Philippine Islands, and, above all, we will play our part well in the great work of uplifting mankind. A scrawny female figure in the background appears to be a skull-faced depiction of Britannia, grown thin and solitary through endless pursuit of war. It Ought to be a Happy New Year. In the United States, the most famous counter-voice to Kipling and his white mans burden rhetoric was the writer Mark Twain. 18, No. The conspicuously larger size of Britannias big guns in Pucks cartoon reflects Englands leading role in imperial conquest. Does the artist portray imperialism in a positive or negative light? Date 1902 December 10. Library of Congress Duplication Services. The president of the First Philippine Republic, Emilio Aguinaldo, is portrayed as a barefoot savage, wild hair escaping from a dunce cap. The aggressive quest for new marketsChinas millions being the most covetedwas justified as part of the benevolent and inevitable spread of progress. In May 1900, for example, artist William Bengough scathingly debunked a speech by President McKinleyonce again justifying the U.S. actions in taking of the Philippines by forceby depicting him as a parson standing on the face of a dead Filipino. From the Cape to Cairo. Vuitton Travel & Luxury Lifestyle curates the Great North Road tour, a 22-day trek starting in Cape Town, taking guests from one natural and historic wonder to the next, and ending up in Cairo . The French leftwing magazine LAssiette au Beurre (The Butter Plate) had a substantive run from April, 1901 to October, 1912. Dominated by full-page graphics, many issues were thematic visual essays developed by a single artist. Were we to transport an army more than half way around the earth merely to listen to peace propositions? XII, No. What imperialist practices are you rallying against (taking of raw materials, manipulation of trade, colonialism, violence, etc.)? "MOJ 75-A 495": intended for microfilm. The caption reference to harvest surely carried multiple meaning to many ofLifes American readers. 83-108 (2006). Illustration shows Britannia carrying a large white flag labeled "Civilization" with British soldiers and colonists behind her, advancing on a horde of natives, one carrying a flag labeled "Barbarism". Vol. But rivalries for commercial privileges never abated even when an eight-nation Allied military force was forged between the world powers in the summer of 1900. Hawaii and Porto Rico are model female students. From Cape to Cairo by Bike | Free Documentary Nature Free Documentary - Nature 1.31M subscribers Subscribe 28K Share 3.3M views 1 year ago #FreeDocumentaryNature #Africa #Documentary From. For guidance about compiling full citations consult As early as mid 1899, for example, Life called attention to the staggering death count among Filipinos with a cartoon titled The Harvest in the Philippines. It is now estimated that, all told, between 12,000 and 20,000 Filipino military perished in this conflict, as opposed to 4,165 killed on the U.S. side. N.Y.: J. Ottmann Lith. Keppler, Udo J., Artist. Numbers 14-15 and 18-20 wanting. In addition, the U.S. ignored human rights violations in the use of concentration camps. Cartoons endorsing imperialist expansion depicted a beneficent West as father, teacher, even Santa Clausbearing the gifts of progress to benefit poor, backward, and childlike nations destined to become profitable new markets. Jacobs joined the Cape of Good Hope SPCA this week. 1345 (1902 December 10), centerfold. The sign on the shores of England reads, John Bull The old reliable ship builder since 1861. The Presidents Speech. William Bengough,Life, May 24, 1900. Who, they asked, was the real barbarian? More about Copyright and other Restrictions. Scene The Congo Free State; artist: Linley Sambourne. The Boxer Uprising was a godsend for the righteous exponents of a world divided, between the civilized West and barbaric Others. Bickers, Robert A. and R. G. Tiedemann, editors (Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2007). Although the completion of a railroad spanning the length of Africa was looking less likely, segments of the Cape-to-Cairo Railroad were becoming increasingly important to Rhodesia's economic development. The scene above turns the tables on the Harpers Weekly cover (above) and accuses foreign troops and missionaries of atrocities during the Boxer Uprising in China. Theodore Roosevelt Digital Library. Source: Widener Library, Harvard University. The conduct of foreign troops in China was targeted in a searing cartoon by the French artist Thophile Steinlen. N.Y.: J. Ottmann Lith. The anti-imperialist Life magazine was similarly attuned to the hypocrisy of cloaking military violence in pious rhetoric. Murphy, Erin L. "Women's Anti-Imperialism, 'The White Man's Burden,' and the Philippine-American War,"The Asia-Pacific Journal, Vol. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA, ppmsca 25696 //hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/ppmsca.25696. Presence of a German fleet lent evidence to one of the justifications the U.S. gave for war with Spain, that is, to protect the Philippines from takeover by a rival major power. Rhodesia Railways. Literature follows, holding the text of Kiplings poem, The White Mans Burden. Music plays an organ labeled Two Step SymphonyDollar Mark Forever. Behind Music comes Sculpture, holding up a monument to a war hero. What did the public back home know about the fighting of these far-off wars? BritanniaDaughter! It would have been the largest and most important railway of that continent. (In the 1900 elections, Bryan ran on an anti-imperialist platform and was again defeated by McKinley.) The strategy was among several emerging in these small wars of the turn of the century. In his 1898 notes for the Treaty of Pariswhich ended the Spanish-American War with Spain surrendering Cuba and ceding territories including Puerto Rico, Guam, and the PhilippinesMcKinley made a prototypical statement of the civilizers responsibilities in the kind of rhetoric still used today: We took up arms only in obedience to the dictates of humanity and in the fulfillment of high public and moral obligations. The Origins of the Boxer Uprising(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987). Leur rve (Their dream). The language obviously resonated with the Kipling-esque imagery of white men bringing enlightenment to new-caught sullen peoples, half-devil and half-child. People of darkness was, moreover, a perception that missionaries (whom Twain excoriated) routinely applied to the heathen natives of non-Christian lands. Chinas Worn Out Traditionsrepresented by the queue hairstyle required during the Qing dynastyare about to be cut with the shears of 19th Century Progress., Nearly two years later, in the midst of the Boxer Uprising, Puck was still resorting to the same sort of stereotyped juxtaposition. The caption refers to a Bible passage in which belief is nearly, but not completely reached. Are our teachings, then, in vain?" "MOJ 75-A 495": intended for microfilm. Stark images such as these helped make public a subject that was generally suppressed. The U.S. follows Britains imperial lead carrying people from Barbarism at the base of the hill to Civilization at its summit. economics. As the Heathen See Us: Reversing the Gaze. Maine. The caption is ominous: War on Earth. Do those benighted wretches fail to realize what we have accomplished in their islands? Business and government colluded with the military in silencing press coverage of the poor conditions suffered by American soldiers, including scandals around tainted supplies, and the grim realities of the Philippine-American War itselfcensorship that foreshadowed the broader excising of the unpleasant war from national memory. Additional images from the issue depict barbaric behavior by the multinational force that intervened in China during the Boxer Uprising. Designed using Unos. N.Y.: J. Ottmann Lith. The Laureate of Empire.Raritan: A Quarterly Review. The turn of the century also witnessed emergence of articulate anti-imperialist voices worldwideand this movement had its own powerful wing of incisive graphic artists. In the caption, Uncle Sam lectures: (to his new class in Civilization): Now, children, you've got to learn these lessons whether you want to or not! Includes bibliographical references and index. At the same time, the distinction the artist draws between Britains burden and Americas is striking. Wasserstrom, Jeffrey. title not id. However, brutally repressive policies followed that included accusations of genocide. The cover featuring an illustration from Le Petit Journal, 1913. (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1938). site.). Source: Bibliothque nationale de France, British soldiers laugh at the spectacle of Boer prisoners of war being shocked by an electric fence. Imperialists Uncle Sam, John Bull, Kaiser Wilhelm, and, in the distance, probably France are borne on the backs of subjugated people in the Philippines, India, and Africa. Is the item digitized? Tan, Chester C.The Boxer Catastrophe. The test of U.S. naval power came with the Spanish-American War. From Tientsin to Peking with the Allied Forces. Caricature published in the newspaper Punch, 10 December 1892 Imprint: [ca. This will help reinforce what you've already learned about imperialism and will give you more insight into both the minds of the imperialists as well as those who rejected this type of domination. such as microfilm or copy prints? In 1901, occupation forces roamed the countryside to pillage, loot, and hunt for Boxers. China in Convulsion. - A priest of the Church of England, his father served as curate of Brentwood Essex for fifteen years, until 1849, when he became the vicar of Bishop's Stortford, where . Wilhelm points ahead, where the inhabitants flee. The U.S. appears to be carried by the Philippines, Great Britain by India, and Germany by Africa. By the 1890s, the U.S. began to revitalize both its commercial and naval fleets. available, often in the form of a digital image, a copy print, or microfilm. McKinley also mentions profit, free trade, and the open door in Asia: Incidental to our tenure in the Philippines is the commercial opportunity to which American statesmanship cannot be indifferent. Source:Library of Congress, Left: John Bull gapes at a new American steamer. Commercial interests not only drove U.S. policy in Asia, but also shaped public opinion about it. Co., Puck Bldg. Dickinson State University. Includes bibliographical references and index. Columbia Studies in the Social Sciences (New York: Columbia University Press, 1955). Co., Puck Bldg. Revell, 1904). Uncle Sam, armed and dangerous, cocks an eyebrow as he displays his handiwork: countless dead Filipino soldiers laid out in rows. The poem acknowledged the thanklessness of a task rewarded with The blame of those ye better, The hate of those ye guard and sentimentalized the savage wars of peace as self-sacrificial crusades undertaken for the greater good. Explain the message within this particular cartoon using the details the cartoonist has included in it. [View Extract]. While the European powers favored Spain in the Spanish-American War, for example, neutral Britain backed the U.S. During the 1898 Battle of Manila Bay, British ships quietly reenforced the untried U.S. navy by blocking a squadron of eight German ships positioned to take advantage of the situation. Mish Mish Effendi cartoon 1930s. As the Heathen See Us A Meeting of the Chinese Foreign Missions Society. John S. Pughe,Puck, November 21, 1900. Germanys Kaiser Wilhelm II appears as an anointed leader, his angel wings made of swords, astride a cannon dragged by clerics and missionaries toward foreign lands. As you can see, he stands on the continent of Africa with one foot on the southern tip of Africa and the other at the northern coast. The aggressive quest for new marketsChinas millions being the most covetedwas justified as part of the benevolent and inevitable spread of progress. An Italian cartoonist who drew William II as a modern Attila beheading Chinese foes was likely inspired by his Hun speech to German soldiers shipping out to fight in the Boxer Uprising in China, delivered on July 27, 1900, in which he called for total war: Should you encounter the enemy, he will be defeated! - The dream reached its most audacious dimensions in Cecil Rhodes's ill-fated plans for a Cape-to-Cairo railway. In his right hand Rhodes holds a pith helmet with a rifle slung around his right shoulder. Indeed, the visual record was, in its unique way, more powerfulmore literally graphicthan words alone could ever be. Written by the French Africanist and . Although Wilhelm II was famous for introducing the concept of a yellow peril, Germanys major colonial possessions were in Africa. Source: Widener Library, Harvard University. The image is ironically paired with a quote attributed to an Official Report to the War Office that says iron railing through which an electric current runs makes the healthiest and safest fences., Les Progrs de la Science (The Advances of Science). [MORE], The Middle East as Seen Through Foreign Eyes, This resource was created by scholars at the University of Chicago and funded by the. As the military governor until May 1900, Otis inflated Filipino atrocities and prevented journalists, Red Cross officials, and soldiers from reporting American atrocities, though ghastly accounts slipped through. The 'Cape to Cairo' idea, dating back at least to 1876, and Rhodes' active promotion of a railway linking the . 167-165, The American Peace Society, Boston, (December, 1989). An iron railing through which an electric current runs is the healthiest and safest of fences. Ships for American commerce a speciality., Right: Uncle Sam proudly displays his new steamship and a sign that reads, Uncle Sam the ship builder re-established with great success in 1893. N.Y.: J. Ottmann Lith. National Endowment for the Humanties. His biblical title, which came from Matthew 4:16 (The people who sat in darkness have seen a great light), picked up on many pro-imperialist themes of the times. On November 29, 1892, while on a visit to London, Rhodes made a speech in which he dramatically announced that he intended to extend the Colony's telegraphic connections across the entire continent - not only to Lake Tanganyika and Uganda, but through the fundamentalist Islamic Sudan and all the way to British Cairo. This political cartoon was drawn by Edward Linley Sambourne and was published in the 10 December 1892 edition of Punch magazine, appearing beside an article from The Times about a Rhodes plan to extend an electrical telegraph line from Cape Town to Cairo. Photograph. | Illustration shows Britannia standing with an injured landowner and an African man, showing them a view of the future when "Enlightened Government" comes to South Africa after 1 print : chromolithograph. the younger Keppler also contributed cartoons, and became co-owner of the magazine after his father's death, when he changed his name to Joseph Keppler. English Lessons: The Pedagogy of Imperialism in Nineteenth-Century China(Durham: Duke University Press, 2003). He has been a contributing editor to Wired, Discover . In Kiplings often-quoted phrase, this noble mission required willingness to engage in savage wars of peace.. , 1902. Rudyard Kiplings famous poem The White Mans Burden was published in 1899, during a high tide of British and American rhetoric about bringing the blessings of civilization and progress to barbaric non-Western, non-Christian, non-white peoples. 1345 (1902 December 10), centerfold. 1900) and starlight from a goddess of civilization. Co., Puck Bldg. The enlarged detail below reveals that the flags of the opponents say the same thing in different words, each justifying their wars to uphold the principle of the Golden Rule., Are our teachings, then, in vain? Udo Keppler,Puck, October 3, 1900. Thompson, Roger R. Reporting the Taiyuan Massacre fromThe Boxers, China, andthe World. In these details, the headlight of a modern vehicle (Judge, 1900) and starlight from a goddess of civilization (Puck, 1898) illuminate demeaning caricatures of China.

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